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مَعْنَى الدُّعَاءِ

الدُّعَاءُ هُوَ أَنْ يَطْلُبَ الدَّاعِي مَا يَنْفَعُهُ وَمَا يَكْشِفُ ضُرَّهُ؛ وَحَقِيقَتُهُ إِظْهَارُ الِافْتِقَارِ إِلَى اللَّهِ، وَالتَّبَرُّؤُ مِنَ الْحَوْلِ وَالْقُوَّةِ، وَهُوَ سِمَةُ الْعُبُودِيَّةِ، وَاسْتِشْعَارُ الذِّلَّةِ الْبَشَرِيَّةِ، وَفِيهِ مَعْنَى الثَّنَاءِ عَلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، وَإِضَافَةِ الْجُودِ وَالْكَرَمِ إِلَيْهِ.

الدُّعَاءُ طَاعَةٌ لِلَّهِ، وَامْتِثَالٌ لِأَمْرِهِ

قَالَ تَعَالَى: "وَقَالَ رَبُّكُمُ ادْعُونِي أَسْتَجِبْ لَكُمْ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ عَنْ عِبَادَتِي سَيَدْخُلُونَ جَهَنَّمَ دَاخِرِينَ". [سُورَةُ غَافِرٍ: الْآيَةُ 60]

الدُّعَاءُ عِبَادَةٌ

قَالَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : "الدُّعَاءُ هُوَ الْعِبَادَةُ". [رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ، وَصَحَّحَهُ الْأَلْبَانِيُّ]

الدُّعَاءُ أَكْرَمُ شَيْءٍ عَلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى

قَالَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : "لَيْسَ شَيْءٌ أَكْرَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى مِنْ الدُّعَاءِ". [رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَالْبُخَارِيُّ، وَابْنُ مَاجَةَ، وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ وَالْحَاكِمُ وَصَحَّحَهُ، وَوَافَقَهُ الذَّهَبِيُّ]

الدُّعَاءُ سَبَبٌ لِدَفْعِ غَضَبِ اللَّهِ

قَالَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: "مَنْ لَمْ يَسْأَلْ اللَّهَ يَغْضَبْ عَلَيْهِ". [رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ، وَابْنُ مَاجَةَ، وَصَحَّحَهُ الْحَاكِمُ، وَوَافَقَهُ الذَّهَبِيُّ، وَحَسَّنَهُ الْأَلْبَانِيُّ]

الدُّعَاءُ سَلَامَةٌ مِنَ الْعَجْزِ، وَدَلِيلٌ عَلَى الْكَيَاسَةِ

قَالَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: "أَعْجَزُ النَّاسِ مَنْ عَجَزَ عَنْ الدُّعَاءِ وَأَبْخَلُ النَّاسِ مَنْ بَخِلَ بِالسَّلَامِ". [رَوَاهُ ابْنُ حِبَّانَ وَصَحَّحَهُ الْأَلْبَانِيُّ]

الدُّعَاءُ سَبَبٌ لِرَفْعِ الْبَلَاءِ

قَالَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: "مَنْ فُتِحَ لَهُ مِنْكُمْ بَابُ الدُّعَاءِ فُتِحَتْ لَهُ أَبْوَابُ الرَّحْمَةِ وَمَا سُئِلَ اللَّهُ شَيْئًا يَعْنِي أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ أَنْ يُسْأَلَ الْعَافِيَةَ وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ الدُّعَاءَ يَنْفَعُ مِمَّا نَزَلَ وَمِمَّا لَمْ يَنْزِلْ فَعَلَيْكُمْ عِبَادَ اللَّهِ بِالدُّعَاءِ". [رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَحَسَّنَهُ الْأَلْبَانِيُّ ]

الدَّاعِي فِي مَعِيَّةِ اللَّهِ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: "يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: أَنَا عِنْدَ ظَنِّ عَبْدِي بِي وَأَنَا مَعَهُ إِذَا دَعَانِي". [رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ]

فَضْلُ الدُّعَاءِ فِي السُّجُودِ

قَالَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: "أَقْرَبُ مَا يَكُونُ الْعَبْدُ مِنْ رَبِّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَهُوَ سَاجِدٌ ، فَأَكْثِرُوا الدُّعَاءَ". [رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ]

فَضْلُ الدُّعَاءِ بِاللَّيْلِ

قَالَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " إِنَّ فِي اللَّيْلِ لَسَاعَةً لَا يُوَافِقُهَا رَجُلٌ مُسْلِمٌ يَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى مِنْ أَمْرِ الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ إِلَّا أَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهُ وَذَلِكَ كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ". [رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ]

فَضْلُ الدُّعَاءِ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ بِظَهْرِ الْغَيْبِ

قَالَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ مُسْلِمٍ يَدْعُو لِأَخِيهِ بِظَهْرِ الْغَيْبِ إِلَّا قَالَ الْمَلَكُ : وَلَكَ بِمِثْلٍ". [رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ]

The meaning of supplication
Supplication is asking for what benefits a person and removes their harm. Its essence is to show one's need of Allah and disclaim independent power or strength. It expresses servitude and awareness of human humility. It also contains praise of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, and the attribution of generosity and bounty to Him.

Supplication is obedience to Allah and compliance with His command
He says: ‘Your Lord says: “Call upon Me; I will answer you. Those too proud to worship Me will enter Hell in humiliation.”’ [Ghafir 40:60]

Supplication is worship
The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: ‘Supplication is worship.’ [At-Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah; authenticated by Al-Albani]

Supplication is the most honorable thing before Allah Most High
He said: ‘Nothing is more honorable before Allah Most High than supplication.’ [Ahmad, Al-Bukhari, Ibn Majah, At-Tirmidhi, and Al-Hakim, who authenticated it; Adh-Dhahabi agreed]

Supplication is a means of warding off Allah's anger
He said: ‘Whoever does not ask Allah, He becomes angry with him.’ [At-Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah; authenticated by Al-Hakim, with Adh-Dhahabi agreeing; graded sound by Al-Albani]

Supplication protects against helplessness and shows discernment
He said: ‘The most helpless person is the one unable to supplicate, and the most miserly is the one who withholds the greeting of peace.’ [Ibn Hibban; authenticated by Al-Albani]

Supplication is a means of lifting affliction
He said: ‘Whoever among you has the door of supplication opened for him has the doors of mercy opened for him. Nothing that Allah is asked for is more beloved to Him than being asked for well-being.’ The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, also said: ‘Supplication benefits against what has already descended and what has not yet descended, so keep to supplication, servants of Allah.’ [At-Tirmidhi; graded sound by Al-Albani]

Allah is with the supplicant
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: ‘Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: “I am as My servant thinks of Me, and I am with him when he calls upon Me.”’ [Muslim]

The virtue of supplication in prostration
He said: ‘The closest a servant is to his Lord, Mighty and Majestic, is while prostrating, so supplicate abundantly.’ [Muslim]

The virtue of supplication at night
He said: ‘During the night there is an hour when no Muslim asks Allah Most High for something of this world or the Hereafter without His granting it. This occurs every night.’ [Muslim]

The virtue of supplicating for Muslims in their absence
He said: ‘Whenever a Muslim servant supplicates for his brother in his absence, the angel says: “And the same for you.”’ [Muslim]
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Ibn 'Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "May Allah have mercy on a man who performs four Rak'ah before the 'Asr prayer."[Abu Dawud and At- Tirmidhi].
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah ibn Umar used to place his palms flat on the surface where he put his forehead. Nafi said, "I have seen him take his hands out from under his burnus on a very cold day and place them on the ground."